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Most communication techniques have been developed and evolved for military purposes. The military has always put a priority on improving communication capabilities because of their strategic importance. Telegraph, telephone, radio and satellite were invented for the purpose of immediate and efficient communication in wartime. In a similar manner, we can also trace the origin of the Internet from defense purposes. The concept of the Internet was born in the Cold War period, due to the tension between the United States and the Soviet Union. The aim was to develop a decentralized network to keep critical information flowing in case of nuclear war.
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In the early 1960's the U.S. Department of Defense was concerned about the fact that the nation's communication networks could not withstand a nuclear attack from the Soviet Union. To surpass the Soviets in communication technology, the development of a new communication system was urgently required. RAND, which was the military sponsored research institute, suggested the concept of a network that would have no central control for the communication system. As a result, the Department of Defense's Advanced Projects Research Agency (DAPRA)commissioned some research institutes such as BBN (Bolt Beranek and Neumann Corp.) to develop the new communication system. This led to the birth of the first computer network system, called APRANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network). In 1969 the first IMPs was installed at UCLA and the initial communication was successful. This event implied the birth of one of the most revolutionary communication tools.
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大多数通信技术的开发和改进出于军事目的。由于通信方式在战略上起着重要的作用，因此军队总是优先改进通信能力。电报、电话、无线电和卫星是在战争期间为了快速、高效地进行通信而发明的。同样，我们追溯Internet的起源，它的出现也是出于国防目的。Internet的概念是在冷战期间被提出来的，源于美国和苏联之间的紧张局势。其目标是要开发一个非集中式的网络来保证在核战争的情况下传递重要信息。
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在20世纪60年代早期，美国国防部就在关注着一个事实——国家的通信网络不能抵御来自苏联的核攻击。为了要在通信技术方面超越苏联，急需开发一个新的通信系统。RAND，一个军事资助的研究学会，提出了一个在通信系统中没有中央控制的网络观念。结果，美国国防部高级计划研究署（DAPRA）委托一些研究机构（例如BBN Bolt Beranek和Neumann公司）开发了这个新的通信系统。这导致了第一个计算机网络系统的诞生，称作APRANET（高级计划研究署网）。在1969年，第一台集成微处理机被安装在加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校，而且首次通信就获得了成功。这一事件意味着一种最具革命性的通信工具的诞生。
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